Table of Contents
Age
The age factor is one of the most common female causes of infertility. It affects ovulation (the release of an egg each month) and the number of eggs available—a woman’s chances of conceiving drop off dramatically as she ages. The average chance of a 20-year-old woman conceiving in any given month is 30%, dropping to 20% by the time she’s 30 and to 10% by her thirties. This coincides with an increase in miscarriage rates and the development of uterine abnormalities, such as endometriosis or uterine fibroids.
Women should see a health care provider for a referral to a fertility specialist if they can’t conceive after one year of trying or if they’re 35 years of age or older and haven’t conceived after six months of unprotected, regular sex. Infertility is also a concern for women who have suffered from gynecological issues like pelvic surgery, infections, or tubal pregnancies. In addition, women could develop complications from fertility treatment, such as ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS), multiple gestations, or ectopic pregnancy. Most infertility is caused by a combination of factors — male or unknown. Fortunately, fertility supplements for women offer a range of benefits, supporting reproductive health and potentially enhancing fertility. These supplements, enriched with vital vitamins and minerals like CoQ10 and folic acid, promote general health and may favor conception results.
Additionally, fertility supplements can help regulate hormonal balance, creating a conducive environment for successful conception and a healthy pregnancy.
Hormones
Having problems getting pregnant can be a lot of stress for couples. It can also be costly and cause strain on a relationship.
A healthy female reproductive system includes the ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, and cervix. The first step in pregnancy involves sperm and an egg uniting to form a fertilized embryo (zygote). This embryo enters the uterus through one of the fallopian tubes and implants itself, attaching itself to the uterine lining.
Women who are trying to get pregnant can have trouble with the hormones that control their menstrual cycle and ovulation. For example, polycystic ovary syndrome causes an imbalance of hormones that affects ovulation. High levels of a hormone needed to make breast milk, called prolactin, can interfere with ovulation, too.
Other causes of female infertility include non-cancerous growths in the womb called fibroids. These can block a fallopian tube or prevent an egg from attaching to the womb. Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is an infection of the upper female genital tract that can cause scarring and other problems with fertility.
Infections
Infections can cause many different kinds of problems for a woman trying to conceive. They can include problems with the fallopian tubes and uterus or issues with the cervix. The most common infection that causes female infertility is from sexually transmitted diseases like chlamydia and gonorrhea. These infections are common in young sexually active women and, if left untreated, can lead to pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), which can permanently damage the fallopian tubes, uterus, and ovaries.
Benign growths in the uterus called fibroids or polyps can also interfere with sperm-egg fertilization, as well as block the fallopian tubes. Other problems that can cause infertility include a misalignment of the uterus or a narrowing of the neck of the uterus, called the cervix. These problems may occur at birth or result from a dilation and curettage (D&C) or fibroid surgery.
Other female fertility issues can be caused by conditions that affect hormone production or movement, such as PCOS. Moreover, taking specific medications may result in hormonal changes.
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Surgery
The female reproductive system comprises the ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, and cervix. After an egg and sperm unite in the fallopian tube (fertilization), the resulting embryo burrows into the uterus’s lining, a process called implantation. Several things can disrupt this process.
Disorders of the hypothalamus and pituitary gland can cause problems with ovulation, such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Abnormalities of the uterus can interfere with fertility, including fibroids and endometriosis. Abnormalities of the cervix, such as a narrowing or scarring of the cervix (cervical stenosis), can also prevent pregnancy.
If a woman has been trying for a year without success to get pregnant through frequent, unprotected sex, she should think about consulting a specialist. Infertility is caused by male or a mix of male and female factors in two-thirds of cases and by female factors in approximately one-third of cases.
It’s important to remember that a diagnosis of infertility is not always straightforward, and many people who seek infertility treatment aren’t able to conceive. That’s why it’s important to talk to a healthcare provider immediately.
Genetics
There are several steps in conceiving a child: egg production, fertilization and implantation. When a woman can’t achieve any of those, she is said to be infertile.
The female reproductive system comprises the ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, and cervix. During fertilization, sperm and an egg unite in one of the fallopian tubes to become a zygote. A zygote then travels to the uterus, which attaches to the uterine wall during implantation.
Abnormal ovulation is the most common cause of female infertility. This can range from irregular menstrual cycles to no menstrual cycle at all (a condition called amenorrhea). Abnormal ovulation often is caused by polycystic ovary syndrome or PCOS. This condition affects 5 – 8% of women of reproductive age. Menstrual irregularities and androgen excess characterize it, plus the appearance of cysts on ultrasound. Every human being has a right to the highest attainable standard of health, including the capacity to find and lead a family. Taking measures to address infertility is an important step in realizing this right.
